Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a gradual and progressive loss of kidney function over a few years. Finally, a person may have kidney problems.

CKD affects an estimated 37 million people in the United States, about 15% of the population. It is usually undetectable and undetectable until the situation has improved significantly.

African Americans, Hispanic, Native Americans, and Asian Americans have a greater chance of developing CKD than white people. This may be due to differences in the primary care of People of Color.

As kidney disease develops, dangerous levels of waste can accumulate rapidly in the body. Treatment is intended to stop or reduce the progression of kidney failure by controlling the underlying cause.

Symptoms

People who are at high risk for CKD should have regular kidney function tests. Early detection can help prevent serious kidney damage.

What is CKD?

CKD is a slow and progressive condition that causes kidney failure. However, if one kidney stops functioning properly, the other may perform normal functions.

Kidneys can deteriorate to a Depended Source and to some degree of malfunction and not even worse. However, in some cases the condition can be exacerbated by kidney failure.

Most people with CKD do not know they have it because the symptoms do not usually appear in the early stages of the disease. Generally, by the time a person sees any symptoms, the condition is very serious. Kidney damage at this stage is irreversible.

How can you identify CKD

• Symptoms of CKD may include:
• high blood pressure, or high blood pressure
• anemia
• edema, or swollen feet, hands, and ankles
• fatigue, or fatigue
• reducing urine
• bloody urine, in some cases
• black urine, in some cases
• a decrease in mental alertness, when the condition is severe
• loss of food
• on itchy skin, when the condition is severe
• frequent urination, especially at night, in some cases

Doctors use the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to determine how well a person’s CKD develops. GFR shows how well a person’s kidneys filter waste. A person’s GFR can depend on their body size, gender, and age.

A physician can determine a person’s GFR by checking his or her creatinine levels. Creatinine is a waste product of creatine, an acid that helps provide energy to muscle cells.

When the kidneys function properly, they filter the amount of creatinine in the blood. Changes in creatinine levels in the blood may indicate that a person has a kidney problem.

Changes in a person’s GFR allow a physician to classify CKD into categories, as follows.

Stage 1

Category 1 CKD states that a person’s GFR is at least 90 milliliters per minute (ml / min) at 1.73 square meters (m2). This is normal kidney function but there is evidence of kidney damage. Other symptoms of kidney damage in stage 1 of CKD may include protein in the urine or physical injury.

Stage 2

If a person has stage 2 CKD, his or her GFR is 60 ⁠ – 89 ml / min at 1.73 m2. The GFR in this list usually means that a person’s kidneys are functioning properly. However, this GFR indicates that a person with stage 2 CKD has other symptoms of kidney damage. These symptoms can include kidney damage or protein in a person’s urine.

A person with stage 1 or 2 CKD can talk to a doctor about medications that can help protect his kidneys.

Stage 3

In Stage 3 of CKD, the human GFR is 30 ⁠ – 59 ml / min by 1.73 m2. This list indicates that a person has some kidney damage. The human kidneys do not work as well as they should in stage 3 CKD.

Phase 3 CKD can be divided into two categories:

• Phase 3a: Phase 3a states that a person has a GFR of 45 ⁠ – 59 ml / min of 1.73 m2.
• Phase 3b: Phase 3b states that a person has a GFR of 30 ⁠ – 44 ml / min of 1.73 m2.

Although most people with stage 3 CKD have no symptoms, some may be:

• swelling in the hands and feet
• back pain
• frequent urination
• anemia
• high blood pressure
• arthritis

A person with stage 1–3 of CKD can reduce damage to his kidneys by:

• controlling their blood sugar, if they have diabetes
• to control their blood pressure
• eating healthy foods
• not smoking or using tobacco
• working 30 minutes a day for 5 days a week
• to maintain a moderate weight
• see a kidney specialist, or nephrologist

A person with stage 3 CKD may want to talk to a dietitian about following a healthy diet. Additionally, a person with type 3 CKD may consult a physician about angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). These drugs can lower blood pressure and can help prevent CKD from getting worse.

Section 4

For Stage 4 CKD, the human GFR is 15–29 ml / min at 1.73 m2. At this point, the human kidneys have been severely damaged to a minimum. Stage 4 CKD is a serious condition and the last stage before a person has a kidney attack.

A person with stage 4 CKD is more likely to have symptoms such as swelling of the hands and feet, back pain, and frequent urination. Complications such as anemia or arthritis can also be very common.

The doctor may recommend that a person with type 4 CKD consult a psychiatrist or a dietitian. The doctor may also prescribe ACE inhibitors or ARBs.

Article 5

A person with stage 5 CKD has a GFR of 15 ml / min of 1.73 m2 or less. At this stage, the human kidneys have failed or are close to failure.

Symptoms of kidney failure include:

• itching
• muscle cramps
• nausea
• to clean
• swelling in the hands and feet
• back pain
• frequent urination
• difficulty sleeping
• difficulty breathing

If a person has a kidney problem, they will need to have dialysis or kidney transplant to recover.